Database of Interacting Proteins
The Database of Interacting Proteins (DIP) is a curated biological database that catalogs experimentally determined interactions between proteins, developed and maintained by the research group of David Eisenberg at the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA). Established in 2002, DIP combines information from diverse sources to create a unified, consistent set of protein-protein interactions with both manual expert curation and automated computational approaches that leverage knowledge extracted from the most reliable core subset of the data. DIP serves as a member of the International Molecular Exchange (IMEx) Consortium, an international collaboration of major public providers of protein interaction data including IntAct, MINT, BioGRID, and others that work together to avoid duplication of curation efforts by collecting data from non-overlapping sources and sharing curated interaction data. The database enables searches through its web interface based on multiple criteria including interactions described in specific journal articles, interactions supported by particular types of experimental evidence, and protein identifiers or sequences. DIP data have been curated using both manual approaches by expert biologists and automated computational methods that utilize machine learning and network analysis of the high-confidence core interaction data. The IMEx consortium developed the HUPO Proteomics Standards Initiative Molecular Interaction (HUPO-PSI-MI) XML format, which has become widely implemented for standardizing molecular interaction data representation. All information within DIP is freely available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 3.0 license. DIP provides downloads of complete datasets and specialized subsets, supporting integration with other protein interaction databases and serving as a foundational resource for systems biology, network analysis, and protein function prediction studies.
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